{"id":24206,"date":"2026-05-21T06:07:39","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T05:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/?p=24206"},"modified":"2026-05-21T06:07:46","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T05:07:46","slug":"24206","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/?p=24206","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.parlamentnilisty.cz\/profily\/profil.aspx?id=161170\">Monika Brzeskov\u00e1 (m\u00edstop\u0159edsedkyn\u011b strany)<\/a>\u00a0m\u00e1 dnes sv\u00e1tek. Gratulujeme!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159ed porodem, po porodu. Poprava! A d\u011b\u0165\u00e1tko? Smrt hladem! Zlo\u010diny za sudetsk\u00e9ho N\u011bmce Franka<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">20.05.2026 14:35 | Rozhovor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>autor:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.parlamentnilisty.cz\/redakce\/redakce\/\"><strong>Jan Rychetsk\u00fd<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>HISTORIE BEZ HYSTERIE \u201eO den d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e Jana \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1, tedy 11. \u010dervna 1942, byla v T\u00e1bo\u0159e popravena MUDr. Anna H\u00e1kov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 byla v sedm\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00edci t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Tak\u017ee tento jednotliv\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd zlo\u010din byl vlastn\u011b dvoj\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 vojensk\u00fd historik Ji\u0159\u00ed Fidler, kdy\u017e rozeb\u00edr\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00e9 zlo\u010diny nacist\u016f. Zanedlouho mu vyjde kniha Ob\u011bti n\u011bmeck\u00e9 okupace \u2013 Gener\u00e1lov\u00e9 a plukovn\u00edci brann\u00e9 moci. Tak\u00e9 se dozv\u00edte o nejmlad\u0161\u00ed ob\u011bti n\u011bmeck\u00e9 okupace.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?w=632&amp;h=307&amp;f=IMG_3803_637284218767620759.jpg&amp;id=151129\" alt=\"P\u0159ed porodem, po porodu. Poprava! A d\u011b\u0165\u00e1tko? Smrt hladem! Zlo\u010diny za sudetsk\u00e9ho N\u011bmce Franka \"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><small>Foto:&nbsp;<strong>Hans \u0160tembera<\/strong><br>Popisek:&nbsp;<strong>Souso\u0161\u00ed pam\u00e1tn\u00edku v Lidic\u00edch v\u011bnovan\u00e9 zavra\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdm lidick\u00fdm d\u011btem<\/strong><\/small><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Zaznamenal jsem vcelku zaj\u00edmav\u00fd n\u00e1zor ohledn\u011b minulosti \u010desko-n\u011bmeck\u00fdch vztah\u016f. Ony temn\u00e9 str\u00e1nky na\u0161ich pr\u00fd spole\u010dn\u00fdch d\u011bjin nelze nahl\u00ed\u017eet kolektivisticky, ale naopak individu\u00e1ln\u011b. Cituji: \u201eje pot\u0159eba v\u017edy ty zlo\u010diny vid\u011bt jednotliv\u011b.\u201c&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Souhlas\u00edte?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asi v\u00edm, odkud tento n\u00e1zor poch\u00e1z\u00ed, ale vcelku s n\u00edm souzn\u00edm, tak\u017ee to ani j\u00e1 nebudu pitvat. Jeliko\u017e v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch zahynulo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sto tis\u00edc \u017eidovsk\u00fdch a n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek tis\u00edc \u010desk\u00fdch obyvatel, souhlas\u00edm, \u017ee je tak t\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it asi 120 a\u017e 150 tis\u00edc jednotliv\u00fdch n\u011bmeck\u00fdch zlo\u010din\u016f z obdob\u00ed let 1938 a\u017e 1945. Obecn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, smrt t\u011bchto osob m\u011bla r\u016fznou podobu, ale z\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina je pouze jedin\u00e1 \u2013 n\u011bmeck\u00e1 okupace \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00ed ve dvou vln\u00e1ch. V \u0159\u00edjnu 1938 a v b\u0159eznu 1939.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Zcela vynech\u00e1v\u00e1te n\u011bmeck\u00e9 ob\u011bti&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pod\u00edvejte, \u0159e\u010deno slovy filmov\u00e9ho J\u00e1ry Cimrmana, j\u00e1 se \u201ec\u00edt\u00edm b\u00fdt \u010cechem\u201c. Tak\u017ee jsem jako \u010desk\u00fd historik v prv\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b povinov\u00e1n \u0159e\u0161it ob\u011bti \u010desk\u00e9, pota\u017emo \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9, nikoli t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed \u0161li \u201edom\u016f do \u0159\u00ed\u0161e\u201c. Ostatn\u011b n\u011bmeck\u00e1 strana m\u00e1 dosti historik\u016f, politik\u016f i novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se mohou n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi ob\u011b\u0165mi, kter\u00e9 v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nezpochyb\u0148uji, zab\u00fdvat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?id=68947&amp;f=IMG_1260_635578849127602361.jpg&amp;w=632&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>No vid\u00edm i u n\u00e1s dost historik\u016f, politik\u016f a novin\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed c\u00edt\u00ed pot\u0159ebu se zab\u00fdvat n\u011bmeck\u00fdmi ob\u011b\u0165mi&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je to jejich v\u011bc, asi jsou za svoji snahu pat\u0159i\u010dn\u011b odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1ni n\u011bmeckou stranou, co\u017e je v po\u0159\u00e1dku. Pon\u011bkud v\u0161ak nech\u00e1pu, pro\u010d jsou za tuto svoji \u010dinnost placeni i \u010deskou stranou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>No, ani toto nebudeme rad\u011bji rozpitv\u00e1vat. Oni to ur\u010dit\u011b halasn\u011b zd\u016fvodn\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nka jejich spolupr\u00e1ce (latinsky&nbsp;<\/strong><em><strong>collaboratio<\/strong><\/em><strong>) nebude jist\u011b d\u00e1v\u00e1na na odiv. R\u00e1d bych se v\u0161ak pod\u00edval na&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>v<\/strong><strong>a\u0161i rodinnou zku\u0161enost s okupac\u00ed a jej\u00edmi trag\u00e9diemi\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mohu v\u00e1m d\u00e1t dva rodinn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se jak mne, tak moj\u00ed man\u017eelky. Oboj\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zn\u00e1me jen z vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f a prarodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?id=193367&amp;f=HNS_2207_638717634308808033.jpg&amp;w=632&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za\u010dnu sv\u016fj rodinn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, nebo\u0165 nebude prost p\u0159ekvapen\u00ed. B\u011bhem 2. stann\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va doch\u00e1zelo k systematick\u00e9mu prohled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u016f a byt\u016f nejen v Praze, ale tak\u00e9 ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b protektor\u00e1tn\u00edch m\u011bst. Rodina m\u00e9ho otce (d\u011bde\u010dek, babi\u010dka, str\u00fdc a ta\u0165ka, jemu\u017e je\u0161t\u011b nebylo \u0161est let) \u017eila v b\u00fdval\u00e9m pos\u00e1dkov\u00e9m m\u011bste\u010dku na v\u00fdchod\u011b \u010cech v rodinn\u00e9m domku. N\u011bkdy na p\u0159elomu kv\u011btna a \u010dervna 1942 dorazilo \u0161est n\u011bmeck\u00fdch voj\u00e1k\u016f veden\u00fdch d\u016fstojn\u00edkem v hodnosti kapit\u00e1na. Jeden voj\u00e1k z\u016fstal p\u0159ed hlavn\u00edm vchodem, dva p\u0159ed zadn\u00edm vchodem na zahradu, babi\u010dka s ob\u011bma syny se musela v chodb\u011b postavit \u010delem ke zdi a hl\u00eddal je jeden voj\u00e1k. D\u011bde\u010dek doprov\u00e1zel d\u016fstojn\u00edka a dva voj\u00e1ky p\u0159i prohl\u00eddce domu, kter\u00e1 za\u010d\u00ednala od p\u016fdy. Na p\u016fd\u011b otev\u0159eli sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 a na\u0161li \u010deskoslovensk\u00fd vojensk\u00fd stejnokroj v\u010detn\u011b \u0161avle, proto\u017ee d\u011bda byl p\u0159ed okupac\u00ed \u0161t\u00e1bn\u00edm rotmistrem. Na bl\u016fze se nach\u00e1zela stu\u017eka v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee a dal\u0161\u00edch medail\u00ed, na ruk\u00e1vu n\u00e1\u0161ivka odslou\u017een\u00fdch legion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch let. Na kapit\u00e1n\u016fv dotaz d\u011bda, kter\u00fd um\u011bl n\u011bmecky, odpov\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee to je jeho stejnokroj a \u017ee byl legion\u00e1\u0159em. Kapit\u00e1n se zeptal, zda se v dom\u011b nach\u00e1z\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00e1 ciz\u00ed osoba, n\u011bjak\u00e9 zbran\u011b (v\u00fdslovn\u011b prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee jej ona \u0161avle nezaj\u00edm\u00e1) p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b n\u011bjak\u00fd podvratn\u00fd materi\u00e1l. D\u011bda mu \u0159ekl, \u017ee v dom\u011b nikdo krom\u011b jeho rodiny nen\u00ed, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed zbran\u011b v dom\u011b nem\u00e1, ale \u017ee m\u00e1 dosti bohatou knihovnu legion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 literatury. Kapit\u00e1n sd\u011blil, \u017ee to jej nezaj\u00edm\u00e1, \u017ee m\u00e1 doma tak\u00e9 knihovnu. Zasalutoval nejprve sm\u011brem k d\u011bdovu stejnokroji, pot\u00e9 obdobn\u011b pozdravil d\u011bdu, prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee mu jeho slovo b\u00fdval\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka sta\u010d\u00ed a cel\u00e1 skupina opustila d\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bohu\u017eel nev\u00edm, jak se onen n\u011bmeck\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk jmenoval, rozhodn\u011b bych se v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed r\u00e1d potkal t\u0159eba s jeho vnukem, jemu\u017e bych za chov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho d\u011bde\u010dka pod\u011bkoval. Byl to opravdov\u00fd d\u016fstojn\u00edk, jen\u017e se tehdy dr\u017eel z\u00e1sad stavovsk\u00e9 cti, kter\u00e9 stav\u011bl nad ideologii \u010di nacionalismus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Zaj\u00edmav\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 obvykl\u00fd. A p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh rodiny&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>v<\/strong><strong>a\u0161\u00ed man\u017eelky?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?id=38371&amp;f=19_635553679140581813.jpg&amp;w=632&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ten mohl skon\u010dit tragicky. Je datov\u00e1n do stejn\u00e9 doby a na T\u0159eb\u00ed\u010dsko. Po \u00famrt\u00ed Reinharda Heydricha bylo v Berl\u00edn\u011b rozhodnuto, \u017ee budou vyvra\u017ed\u011bny cel\u00e9 rodiny p\u016fvodc\u016f jeho smrti. Podle regionu asi pozn\u00e1te, \u017ee \u0161lo o rodinu p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka akce z 27. kv\u011btna 1942. Podle jak\u00e9hosi germ\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho standardu odplaty byly povra\u017ed\u011bny dv\u011b rodinn\u00e9 generace \u2013 rodi\u010de, sourozenci, sourozenci rodi\u010d\u016f a jejich d\u011bti. Pokud by bylo rozhodnuto povra\u017edit generace t\u0159i, babi\u010dka s maminkou moj\u00ed man\u017eelky by do tohoto v\u00fdb\u011bru spadaly tak\u00e9, nebo\u0165 byly vzd\u00e1len\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi. Skon\u010dily by n\u011bkde u zdi p\u0159ed poprav\u010d\u00ed \u010detou v koncentra\u010dn\u00edm t\u00e1bo\u0159e Mauthausen, tak\u017ee man\u017eelka by se v\u016fbec nenarodila. Pokud z druh\u00e9 strany sl\u00fdch\u00e1me stesky ohledn\u011b zlo\u010dinn\u00e9ho zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kolektivn\u00ed viny, m\u00e1me zde z\u0159ejm\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad, kdo s touto praktikou za\u010dal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00edm, \u017ee jste pr\u00e1v\u011b dal do tisku publikaci, kter\u00e1 se konkr\u00e9tn\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 n\u011bkolika des\u00edtkami ob\u011bt\u00ed z \u0159ad vojensk\u00fdch osob. M\u016f\u017eete&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>ji&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>stru\u010dn\u011b p\u0159edstavit?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jedn\u00e1 se o publikaci, kter\u00e1 je tvo\u0159ena celkem 90 stru\u010dn\u00fdmi biografiemi vojensk\u00fdch osob, kter\u00e9 do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1938 z\u00edskaly v \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 brann\u00e9 moci gener\u00e1lskou \u010di plukovnickou hodnost. P\u0159ed vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm brann\u00e9 pohotovosti st\u00e1tu v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1938 m\u011bla \u010deskoslovensk\u00e1 brann\u00e1 moc ve stavu celkem 138 gener\u00e1l\u016f a 456 plukovn\u00edk\u016f. Z nich se ob\u011bt\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00e9 okupace stalo 25 gener\u00e1l\u016f (18,12 %) a 58 plukovn\u00edk\u016f (12,72 %). Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b zde do celkov\u00e9ho sou\u010dtu chyb\u00ed sedm osob (dva gener\u00e1lov\u00e9 a p\u011bt plukovn\u00edk\u016f), kter\u00e9 ji\u017e z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1938 st\u00e1ly mimo slu\u017ebu. Z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu 90 ob\u011bt\u00ed pouze p\u011bt mu\u017e\u016f padlo v bojov\u00fdch st\u0159etech (gener\u00e1lov\u00e9 Vojt\u011bch Lu\u017ea a Karel Mejst\u0159\u00edk, na gener\u00e1la pov\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd plukovn\u00edk Jaroslav Vedral, plukovn\u00edci Josef Berounsk\u00fd a Rudolf Srb), dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt bylo zavra\u017ed\u011bno \u2013 gener\u00e1l Rudolf Viest jako v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd zajatec, plukovn\u00edci Gustav Gellner, Bed\u0159ich Hahn, Ota Tomsk\u00fd a Emil Zuckerkandl jako ob\u011bti norimbersk\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 osm des\u00edtek mrtv\u00fdch se stalo ob\u011bt\u00ed n\u011bmeck\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slo\u017eek \u2013 um\u00edrali p\u0159ed poprav\u010d\u00ed \u010detou, na \u0161ibenici, pod gilotinou, ve v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00fdch kobk\u00e1ch na n\u00e1sledky brutality vy\u0161et\u0159ovatel\u016f, na pry\u010dn\u00e1ch v\u011bzen\u00ed \u010di koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f kv\u016fli nedostatku \u010di \u00fapln\u00e9 absenci l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 p\u00e9\u010de &#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?id=202021&amp;f=potah-titulka_639148505754469776.jpg&amp;w=632&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>P\u0159edstavujete tedy dev\u011bt des\u00edtek ob\u011bt\u00ed, je\u017e spojovala p\u0159edchoz\u00ed slu\u017eba v ozbrojen\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e doty\u010dn\u00ed dos\u00e1hli nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch hodnost\u00ed. P\u0159esto bych&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>v<\/strong><strong>\u00e1s po\u017e\u00e1dal, zda byste n\u00e1m mohl uk\u00e1zat n\u011bjakou dal\u0161\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ob\u011b\u0165, abychom opravdu vid\u011bli onen n\u011bmeck\u00fd zlo\u010din jednotliv\u011b&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vzhledem ke skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee onen p\u0159\u00edpad souvis\u00ed s takzvan\u00fdm druh\u00fdm stann\u00fdm pr\u00e1vem, m\u011bli bychom se nejprve pod\u00edvat na tento fenom\u00e9n. Mo\u017enost vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed stann\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va si p\u0159isvojil zastupuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fd protektor Reinhard Heydrich v okam\u017eiku sv\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edjezdu do Prahy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e si pon\u011bkud \u0161\u00ed\u0159eji vylo\u017eil Hitler\u016fv v\u00fdnos o vzniku Protektor\u00e1tu \u010cechy a Morava. Tuto skute\u010dnost by bylo dobr\u00e9 podrobit pr\u00e1vn\u00edmu zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo\u0165 Heydrich nebyl \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fdm protektorem, ale pouze zastupuj\u00edc\u00edm, tak\u017ee \u2013 podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru \u2013 byly jeho legislativn\u00ed pravomoci pon\u011bkud omezen\u00e9. Re\u00e1ln\u011b v\u0161ak okam\u017eit\u011b s on\u00edm v\u00fdnosem stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo ve vybran\u00fdch okresech protektor\u00e1tu zavedl, co\u017e p\u0159ineslo minim\u00e1ln\u011b 486 popraven\u00fdch a 2 142 odeslan\u00fdch do koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdrok\u016f stann\u00fdch soud\u016f v Praze a v Brn\u011b. Zat\u00edmco prvn\u00ed stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo vyhl\u00e1sil \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00fd N\u011bmec, jen\u017e pouze zastupoval \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho protektora, druh\u00e9 stann\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo vyhl\u00e1sil 27. kv\u011btna 1942 takzvan\u00fd sudetsk\u00fd N\u011bmec Karl Hermann Frank jako st\u00e1tn\u00ed tajemn\u00edk \u2013 prakticky z\u00e1stupce tehdy zdravotn\u011b indisponovan\u00e9ho zastupuj\u00edc\u00edho \u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho protektora. P\u0159itom oba zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 soudy poslaly nov\u011b na smrt 932 osob p\u0159\u00edmo, dal\u0161\u00edch 294 osob v nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti (p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed para\u0161utist\u016f odeslan\u00ed ji\u017e do Mauthausenu), nemluv\u011b o povra\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch z Lidic a Le\u017e\u00e1k\u016f, o povra\u017ed\u011bn\u00fdch z dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bst a o n\u011bkolika tis\u00edc\u00edch osob odeslan\u00fdch do koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1bor\u016f. Ohledn\u011b slo\u017een\u00ed stann\u00fdch soud\u016f a jejich judikatury, na podrobnosti se mus\u00edte zeptat n\u011bjak\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edka \u2013 t\u0159eba na Hrad\u011b je jeden, co nem\u00e1 do \u010deho p\u00edchnout (tedy ve vystudovan\u00e9m oboru).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dob\u0159e, asi bylo t\u0159eba tuto skute\u010dnost p\u0159edeslat na vysv\u011btlenou. A p\u0159\u00edklad konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho zlo\u010dinu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bo\u017eena \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1, 28 let, matka t\u0159\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, posledn\u00edho pr\u00e1v\u011b narozen\u00e9ho. Jej\u00edm star\u0161\u00edm bratrem byl Old\u0159ich Pechal, d\u016fstojn\u00edk \u010deskoslovensk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, kter\u00fd v roce 1939 ode\u0161el do exilu, aby se na konci b\u0159ezna 1942 vr\u00e1til dom\u016f jako velitel paradesantn\u00ed skupiny Zinc. Bo\u017eena \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1 byla p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edky n\u011bmeck\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch slo\u017eek odvle\u010dena z porodnice prakticky okam\u017eit\u011b po porodu, stihla jen ozn\u00e1mit, \u017ee jm\u00e9no pr\u00e1v\u011b narozen\u00e9 dcery bude Jana. Spolu se sv\u00fdm man\u017eelem byla postavena p\u0159ed stann\u00fd soud v Brn\u011b 12. \u010dervna 1942, obvin\u011bna z \u201eru\u0161en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho po\u0159\u00e1dku a bezpe\u010dnosti\u201c, odsouzena k trestu smrti a okam\u017eit\u011b popravena. Exekuce byla provedena v are\u00e1lu Kounicov\u00fdch kolej\u00ed, mo\u017en\u00e1 op\u011bt za p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed brn\u011bnsk\u00e9ho obyvatelstva n\u011bmeck\u00e9 n\u00e1rodnosti, v\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edho ka\u017edou popravu \u201e\u010desk\u00e9ho ksindlu\u201c potleskem a radostn\u00fdm vol\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?id=166081&amp;f=IMG_0590_637783719492620040.jpg&amp;w=632&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pon\u011bkud mi unik\u00e1, jak pr\u00e1v\u011b rod\u00edc\u00ed \u017eena mohla ru\u0161it ve\u0159ejn\u00fd po\u0159\u00e1dek a bezpe\u010dnost. Tak\u017ee byla zcela jist\u011b odsouzena jako p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e1 odboj\u00e1\u0159e.&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>P<\/strong><strong>ochybuji toti\u017e, \u017ee ve vysok\u00e9m stupni t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed se mohla pod\u00edlet na n\u011bjak\u00e9 odbojov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. Tedy ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd germ\u00e1nsk\u00fd standard odplaty, rodinn\u00e1 vina jako sou\u010d\u00e1st kolektivn\u00ed viny&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00edcekr\u00e1t jsem ji\u017e uvedl, \u017ee nejsem pr\u00e1vn\u00edk, ale jist\u00e9 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 standardy a principy n\u00e1m byly b\u011bhem studia historie p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161eny. U Bo\u017eeny \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bjak\u00fd kolaborant nam\u00edtat, \u017ee v\u011bd\u011bla o \u010dinnosti p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho a neozn\u00e1mila to. Man\u011b se mi v\u0161ak vybavuje pr\u00e1vnick\u00fd princip nemo tenetur, tedy pr\u00e1vo nevypov\u00eddat v jist\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech. Dan\u00fd princip byl p\u0159ijat je\u0161t\u011b v Rakousk\u00e9m c\u00edsa\u0159stv\u00ed v roce 1853 a jasn\u011b definov\u00e1n v trestn\u00edm z\u00e1kon\u00edku z roku 1873, tedy byl platn\u00fd nejen v \u010ceskoslovensku, ale tak\u00e9 v protektor\u00e1t\u011b. Nav\u00edc byl tento princip od roku 1877 platn\u00fd tak\u00e9 v N\u011bmecku. Pokud by tedy n\u011bkdo nam\u00edtal, \u017ee unijn\u00ed, pardon, n\u011bmeck\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo, bylo nad\u0159azeno na\u0161emu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>St\u00e1le si nemohu v hlav\u011b srovnat skute\u010dnost popravy \u201e\u0161estined\u011blky\u201c&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U na\u0161ich polsk\u00fdch soused\u016f, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b d\u00e1le na v\u00fdchod byste objevil je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed v\u011bci. Ale m\u016f\u017eeme z\u016fstat u n\u00e1s. Bo\u017eena \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1 byla zast\u0159elena 12. \u010dervna 1942. O den d\u0159\u00edve, 11. \u010dervna 1942, byla v T\u00e1bo\u0159e popravena MUDr. Anna H\u00e1kov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 byla v sedm\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00edci t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Tak\u017ee tento jednotliv\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd zlo\u010din byl vlastn\u011b dvoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cms.parlamentnilisty.cz\/image.ashx?id=134371&amp;f=sWWLa0i_636682272776988516.jpg&amp;w=632&amp;h=307\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Cht\u011bl bych se je\u0161t\u011b zeptat na osud Jany \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e9&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To je dal\u0161\u00ed jednotliv\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd zlo\u010din. Jana \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1 zem\u0159ela 26. \u010dervna 1942 v brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 zemsk\u00e9 nemocnici, tedy pouh\u00e9 dva t\u00fddny po poprav\u011b sv\u00fdch rodi\u010d\u016f. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou smrti byla \u201eporucha v\u00fd\u017eivy a porucha tr\u00e1ven\u00ed\u201c, tedy prakticky smrt hladem n\u00e1sledkem stresov\u00e9 poporodn\u00ed situace, kdy ji matka kv\u016fli zat\u010den\u00ed a poprav\u011b nemohla kojit, a ona nedok\u00e1zala p\u0159ij\u00edmat um\u011blou v\u00fd\u017eivu. Obecn\u011b je Jana \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1, je\u017e se do\u017eila pouze n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f v\u011bku, pova\u017eov\u00e1na za nejmlad\u0161\u00ed ob\u011b\u0165 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 okupace nejen v Brn\u011b, ale tak\u00e9 v \u010desk\u00fdch zem\u00edch. V jej\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st, \u017ee s rokem narozen\u00ed 1942, pokud by nebylo n\u011bmeck\u00e9 okupace, mohla dnes je\u0161t\u011b \u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u0159ed porodem, po porodu. Poprava! A d\u011b\u0165\u00e1tko? Smrt hladem! Zlo\u010diny za sudetsk\u00e9ho N\u011bmce Franka 20.05.2026 14:35 | Rozhovor autor:&nbsp;Jan Rychetsk\u00fd HISTORIE BEZ HYSTERIE \u201eO den d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e Jana \u017di\u017elavsk\u00e1, tedy 11. \u010dervna 1942, byla v T\u00e1bo\u0159e popravena MUDr. Anna H\u00e1kov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 byla v sedm\u00e9m m\u011bs\u00edci t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Tak\u017ee tento jednotliv\u00fd n\u011bmeck\u00fd zlo\u010din byl vlastn\u011b dvoj\u00ed,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/?p=24206\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed textu <span class=\"screen-reader-text\"><\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-24206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-pc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24206","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24206"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24206\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24207,"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24206\/revisions\/24207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24206"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24206"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.podivinsky.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24206"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}